Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita, Bharatiya Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam are the new criminal laws that will go into effect on July 1, 2024, according to a statement made on Sunday by the State Minister of Independent Charge Law and Justice Arjun Ram Meghwal. The Indian Penal Code (IPC), Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC), and Indian Evidence Act will all be repealed according to a notification released by the Union Home Ministry on Saturday. All criminal offenses will now be reported through the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanita (BNS). Further, all cases registered under BNS will have their prosecution and trial conducted under timelines. And that will be established by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS). Electronic records are considered legally valid and acceptable proof under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA).
Meghwal’s Statement
“IPC, CrPC, and Indian Evidence Act are changing. After following the due consultation process and keeping in mind the reports of the Law Commission of India, the three laws have been changed,” Meghwal stated.
“The three laws will be implemented from July 1 with the names Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita, Bharatiya Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam. Training facilities for the three new laws are being provided in all states, he continued.
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
The Indian Penal Code, of 1860 is replaced by this. Capital punishment for juvenile gang rape and mob lynching. For the very first time, community service is now an option for punishment. The sedition has been eliminated. Further, a new clause that makes acts against India’s sovereignty, unity, and integrity as well as secessionism, rebellion, and other associated activities illegal has been added.
The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
This is in place of the 1973 CrPC. 30 days after the conclusion of the arguments, there will be a time-bound inquiry, trial, and verdict. It is required that victims of sexual assault record their statements on video. A fresh provision has been included regarding the attachment of assets and the proceeds of criminal activity.
Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
The Indian Evidence Act of 1872 was replaced by this. Electronic or digital records, emails, server logs, computers, cellphones, SMS, websites, location-based evidence, and messages on devices are examples of evidence. These can be submitted and admitted in court. Digitization of every document, including the charge sheet, case diary, FIR, and verdict. Digital or electronic records must be valid, enforceable, and have the same legal weight as paper records.
Passed By Parliament
On December 21, 2023, Parliament enacted the BNS, BNSS, and BSA bills. And on December 25, 2023, the President signed them into law. The Indian criminal justice system will be among the most advanced in the world after the three criminal laws are completely put into effect, with a criminal case being resolved in no more than three years, according to Home Minister Amit Shah.
Training Being Provided
It is being trained, Arjun Ram Meghwal stressed, by the Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPRD). Notably, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita has increased, subject to the seriousness of the offense, the maximum period of police imprisonment under ordinary criminal legislation from 15 days to 90 days.
“Our judicial academies and national law universities are also providing training for the same. Everything is going hand in hand and from July 1, all these three laws which are crucial for the criminal justice system will be implemented in the country,” he mentioned.
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